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Collins J. Condon J. Dahlem M. Dale D. Dorfi E. Draine B. Princeton Univ. Press , Princeton, NJ. Dumke M. Bonn , Bonn. Springer-Verlag , Berlin , p.
Duric N. Engelbracht C. Everett J. Fletcher A. Gil de Paz A. Golla G. Gregory P. Griffith M. Haverkorn M. Haynes M. Heald G. Heckman T. Heesen V. Henriksen R. Hodges-Kluck E. Hummel E. Hunter D. Irwin J. James P. Karachentsev I. Kennicutt R. Kettenis M. Krause M. Lee S. Lisenfeld U. Longair M. Cambridge Univ. Press , Cambridge. Mac Low M. McMullin J. Makarov D. Mao S. Martin C. Middelberg E. Mora S. Moshir M. Moustakas J. Mulcahy D. Murray N. Niklas S. Oosterloo T.
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Any queries other than missing material should be directed to the corresponding author for the article. In order to calculate the synchrotron and IC losses of the CREs, we need to make estimates of both the magnetic field strength and the radiation energy density.
The ratio of radiation energy density to magnetic energy density is then also the ratio of IC to synchrotron losses. In our sample galaxies, the ratio lies between 0. We tabulate the radiation energy densities in Table 6. Exponential top half of the table and Gaussian bottom half fits to the vertical profiles of the non-thermal radio continuum intensities. The corresponding exponential scale heights are h 20 n 1, h 20 n 2, h 20 s 1, and h 20 s 2. As part of our study, we have obtained several additional radio continuum maps, which we present in this appendix.
We will make these maps publicly available as well as all the other radio continuum maps in this paper ; see Table C1 for the map properties. We present these maps for completeness here again in Fig. The 4. The size of the primary beam is shown in the bottom-left corner. Furthermore, we show in Fig.
C2 two maps of NGC at 1. The data were observed in August, with h on-source ID: AG and reduced in standard fashion with aips. We reduced the data as described in Section 2 , but since we had only one frequency available and no spectral index map, we did not use them in the analysis. The size of the synthesized beam is shown in the bottom-left corner. In panel c , the same contour levels as in panel b are used. The red lines in panels j and k show the escape velocity near the mid-plane.
In this appendix, we present maps and vertical profiles for individual galaxies. Each page shows results for one galaxy. As an example, we show in Fig. D1 results for NGC The second row shows thermal fraction at C band again except for NGC where this is at X band , the non-thermal radio spectral index between L and C band for NGC between L and X band , and the corresponding error of the non-thermal radio spectral index.
For the thermal radio continuum map, we use the same contours as of the radio continuum map of either C or X band. In the first and second rows, the size of the synthesized beam is shown in the bottom-left corner and all maps are rotated so that the major axis is horizontal. In panels c — f , a mask has been applied Section 2. The third row shows vertical profiles of the non-thermal radio continuum intensities, vertical non-thermal intensity model profiles at one frequency, and vertical profiles of the non-thermal radio spectral index.
Panel g shows exponential solid and Gaussian fits dashed lines to the data, panel h shows model intensity profiles, and panel i shows radio spectral index profiles.
In panel l , the grey shaded area indicates the uncertainty of the magnetic field model. Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Sign In or Create an Account. Sign In. Advanced Search. Search Menu. Article Navigation. Close mobile search navigation Article Navigation. Volume Article Contents Abstract.
Radio haloes in nearby galaxies modelled with 1D cosmic ray transport using spinnaker. V Heesen , V Heesen. E-mail: volker. Oxford Academic. M Krause. R Beck. B Adebahr. D J Bomans. E Carretti. M Dumke. G Heald. J Irwin. B S Koribalski. T Westmeier. R-J Dettmar. Revision received:. Select Format Select format. Permissions Icon Permissions.
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